Table of Contents

Java Arrays

Let's consider a scenario, We want to store data items of similar types in a sequence, then the array is used. An array is a group of related data items that have a common name. It is a data structure where we store similar elements. We can store only a fixed set of elements in a Java array. Array index starts from 0. The main advantage of the array is Random access. We can get any data located at an index position.

Types of Array in java

There are two types of array.

  • Single Dimensional Array
  • Two Dimensional Array

1.Single Dimensional Array:

A one-dimensional array (or single dimension array) is a type of linear array. Accessing its elements involves a single subscript that can either represent a row or column index.

Index:

Indexes are also called subscripts. An index maps the array value to a stored object. The first element of the array is indexed by a subscript of 0.

syntax:

type []arrayname; (or)  
type arrayname[];

Instantiation of an Array:

An array is instantiated to create memory using new keyword.

arrayname = new type[size];

Initialization of Arrays:

arrayname[subscript] = value; // initialization of arrays

type arrayname[] = { list of values }; // declaration and initialization of arrays

Example:

class ArrayExample {
   public static void main(String args[]) {
       int a[] = new int[5]; //declaration and instantiation  
       a[0] = 10; //initialization  
       a[1] = 20;
       a[2] = 30;
       a[3] = 40;
       a[4] = 50;
       //traversing array  
       for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) //length is the property of array  
           System.out.println(a[i]);
   }
}
/*OUTPUT:
10
20
30
40
50  */

2.Two Dimensional Array:

The two-dimensional array can be defined as an array of arrays with two subscripts. The two-dimensional array is organized as matrices which can be represented as the collection of rows and columns.

syntax:

type arrayname[rows][columns];

Instantiation of an Array:

An array is instantiated to create memory using new keyword.

arrayname = new type[row-size][column-size];

Initialization of Arrays:

arrayname[subscript][subscript] = value; // initialization of arrays

type arrayname[][] = { list of values }; // declaration and initialization of arrays

Example:

import java.lang.*;
class ArrayExample {
   public static void main(String args[]) {
       //declaring and initializing 2D array  
       int num[][] = {
           {1,2,3},
           {4,5,6},
           {7,8,9}
       };
       //printing 2D array  
       for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
           for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
               System.out.print(num[i][j] + " ");
           }
           System.out.println();
       }
   }
}
/*OUTPUT:
1  2  3
4  5  6
7  8  9 */

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